European Journal of Chemistry

Selective colorimetric molecular probe for cyanide ion detection in aqueous solution

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Published: Dec 31, 2018
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5155/eurjchem.9.4.338-346.1777
Keywords:
DFT, Cyanide, Cyanohydrin, UV-vis spectroscopy, Visual molecular probe, 5-Nitro-2-hydroxybenzaldehyde
Section
Research Article
Issue
Vol. 9 No. 4 (2018): December 2018
Dates
Received 2018-07-28
Accepted 2018-09-12
Published 2018-12-31
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Main Article Content

Yousef Mohammad Hijji
Department of Chemistry and Earth Sciences, Qatar University, Doha, 2713, Qatar
http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4116-1746
Hani Darwish Tabba
Department of Chemistry and Earth Sciences, Qatar University, Doha, 2713, Qatar
http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5313-6951
Rajeesha Rajan
Department of Chemistry and Earth Sciences, Qatar University, Doha, 2713, Qatar
http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8798-8992
Hamzeh Mohammad Abdel-Halim
Department of Chemistry, The Hashemite University, Zarqa 13133, Jordan
http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0564-7922
Musa Ibrahim El-Barghouthi
Department of Chemistry, The Hashemite University, Zarqa 13133, Jordan
http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1961-796X
Hutaf Mustafa Baker
Department of Chemistry, Al Al-Bayt University, Mafraq 25113, Jordan
http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0690-0726

Abstract

5-Nitro-2-hydroxybenzaldehyde (1) demonstrated to be a sensitive, and a selective molecular probe for cyanide ion (CN-) in aqueous media. In acetonitrile, compound 1 shows sensitivity and selectivity for cyanide, acetate and fluoride, in comparison to other investigated anions using both visual and spectroscopic means. In aqueous solution, the color becomes intense yellow upon addition of cyanide, while acetate showed this effect to a much lower extent. Significant spectral changes were also detected with the appearance of two new absorption bands at 358 and 387 nm. This was accompanied by concomitant intensity decrease for the band at 314 nm. Fluoride, dihydrogen phosphate, chloride, bromide, perchlorate, and azide showed negligible color and spectral changes for the probe in aqueous solutions. On the other hand, hydrogen sulfate caused fainting of the yellow color and gave a spectrum similar to that of the sensor in polar aprotic solvents. The cyanide ion was detected at micro molar levels in aqueous solutions with a stoichiometry of 1:1 for CN: probe in acetonitrile as the solvent. Cyanide, hydroxide, acetate, fluoride and dihydrogen phosphate showed identical changes to color and spectra, indicating a hydrogen bonding and a deprotonation mechanism.


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Hijji, Y. M.; Tabba, H. D.; Rajan, R.; Abdel-Halim, H. M.; El-Barghouthi, M. I.; Baker, H. M. Selective Colorimetric Molecular Probe for Cyanide Ion Detection in Aqueous Solution. Eur. J. Chem. 2018, 9, 338-346.

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Supporting Agencies

National Priority Research Program (NPRP) award [NPRP-7-495-01-094] from the Qatar National Research Fund (a member of The Qatar Foundation), Qatar
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