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Chitosan as an eco-friendly heterogeneous catalyst for Michael type addition reactions. A simple and efficient route to pyridones and phthalazines
Khaled Khalil (1)
, Hamad Al-Matar (2,*) , Mohamed Elnagdi (3) (1) Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, EG-12613, Egypt
(2) Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, University of Kuwait, KW-13060, Kuwait
(3) Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, University of Kuwait, KW-13060, Kuwait
(*) Corresponding Author
Received: 21 Jul 2010 | Revised: 30 Nov 2010 | Accepted: 25 Jul 2010 | Published: 22 Dec 2010 | Issue Date: December 2010
Abstract
Depending on their nature, nitrile activated methylene compounds add readily to β-enaminones in presence of chitosan to yield dienamides, pyridones or pyridine thiones. The dienamides, formed in this manner, can be readily converted to pyridones by stirring in refluxing acetic acid. Reaction of pyridazinones with a mixture containing benzaldehyde, malononitrile and chitosan affords phthalazines that are also produced by reaction of pyridazinone with benzylidene-malononitrile.
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DOI: 10.5155/eurjchem.1.4.252-258.211
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