Fundamentals of micellar electrokinetic chromatography (MEKC)

Syed Asad Ali Rizvi; Duc Phuc Do; Ayman Mahmoud Saleh

doi:10.5155/eurjchem.2.2.276-281.401

PDF

Published: Jun 30, 2011

DOI: https://doi.org/10.5155/eurjchem.2.2.276-281.401

Keywords:

Capillary electrophoresis, Electroosmotic flow, Micellar electrokinetic chromatography, Surfactants, Critical micelle concentration, Polymeric surfactants

Section

Review Article

Issue

Vol. 2 No. 2 (2011): June 2011

Dates

Received 2011-02-04
Accepted 2011-02-24
Published 2011-06-30

Syed Asad Ali Rizvi

School of Pharmacy, Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine (LECOM), Erie, PA 16509, USA

Duc Phuc Do

Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Chicago State University, Chicago, IL 60628, USA

Ayman Mahmoud Saleh

Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine (LECOM), Erie, PA 16509, USA

Abstract

Micellar electrokinetic chromatography (MEKC) is a useful branch of capillary electrophoresis (CE) that utilizes surfactant above critical micelle concentration (CMC) as pseudo-stationary phase. MEKC can be employed to separate both charged and neutral molecules, individually or simultaneously, including chiral compounds. MECK benefits from high peak efficiency due to electroosmotic flow (EOF) in the separation capillary, compounded with large variety of synthetic surfactants, organic modifiers, temperature and variable separation voltage has made MECK the method of choice for separation scientists. In this review, we present the introduction of CE, fundamentals of surfactant chemistry as it relates to MEKC, separation principles in MECK including equations involved in calculating separation parameters (capacity factor, resolution etc.).

2_2_276_281_800

This Abstract was viewed 5417 times |

Article PDF downloaded 1519 times

How to Cite

(1)

Rizvi, S. A. A.; Do, D. P.; Saleh, A. M. Fundamentals of Micellar Electrokinetic Chromatography (MEKC). Eur. J. Chem. 2011, 2, 276-281.

Links for Article

Crossref - Scopus - Google - European PMC

References

[1]. http://old.iupac.org/goldbook/C01075.pdf

[2]. Tiselius, A. The Moving Boundary Method of Studying the Electrophoresis of Proteins, Ph.D. Thesis, Nova Acta Regiae Societatis Scientiarum Upsaliensis, Ser. IV, Vol. 17, No.4, Almqvist and Wiksell, Uppsala, Sweden, 1930.

[3]. Jorgenson, J. W.; Lukacs, K. D. Clin. Chem. 1981, 27, 1551-1553.
PMid:7261333

[4]. Jorgenson, J. W.; Lukacs, K. D. J. High Resolut. Chromatogr. 1981, 4, 230-231.
doi:10.1002/jhrc.1240040507

[5]. Terabe, S.; Otsuka, K.; Ando, T. Anal. Chem. 1989, 61, 251-260.
doi:10.1021/ac00178a013

[6]. Terabe, S.; Otsuka, K.; Ando, T. Anal. Chem. 1985, 57, 834-841.
doi:10.1021/ac00281a014

[7]. Barret, D. G.; Gellman, S. H. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1993, 115, 9343-9344.
doi:10.1021/ja00073a082

[8]. Fuhrhop, J. H.; Gellman, S. H. Acc. Chem. Res. 1986, 19, 130-137.
doi:10.1021/ar00125a002

[9]. Clint, J. H. Surfactant Aggregation, Blackie & Sons, Glasgow, 1992.

[10]. Gill, S. J.; Wadso, I. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 1976, 73, 2955-2958.
doi:10.1073/pnas.73.9.2955

[11]. Tanford, C. The hydrophobic effect: formation of micelles and biological membranes, John Wiley & Sons, New York, 1980.

[12]. Lange, K. R. Surfactants: A Practical Handbook, Hanser Gardner Publications, Ohio, 1999.

[13]. Rosen, M. J. Surfactants and Interfacial Phenomena, Wiley-Interscience, NY, 2004.
doi:10.1002/0471670561

[14]. Notter, R. H. Lung Surfactants: Basic Science and Clinical Applications, CRC, Boca Raton, FL, 2000.

[15]. Kallay, N. Interfacial Dynamics, CRC, Boca Raton, FL, 2000.

[16]. Tsujii, K. Surface Activity: Pronciles, Phenomena, and Applications (Polymers, Interfaces and Biomaterials), Academic Press. San Diego, CA, 1998.

[17]. Myers, D. Surfactant Science and Technology, John Wiley & Sons, NJ, 2005.
doi:10.1002/047174607X

[18]. Holmberg, K.; Jönsson, B.; Kronberg, B.; Lindman, B. Surfactants and Polymers in Aqueous Solution, John Wiley & Sons, NY, 2002.
doi:10.1002/0470856424

[19]. Jones, M. N.; Chapman, D. Micelles, Monolayers, and Biomembranes, Wiley-Liss, NY, 1994.

[20]. Stache, H. W. Anionic Surfactants, CRC, Boca Raton, FL, 1995.

[21]. Van Os, N. M.; Haak, J. R.; Rupert, L. A. M. Physico-Chemical Properties of Selected Anionic, Cationic and Nonionic Surfactants, Elsevier Science Pub Co, NY, 1993.

[22]. Rubingh, D. Cationic Surfactants, CRC, Boca Raton, FL, 1990.

[23]. Cross, J. Cationic Surfactants, CRC, Boca Raton, FL, 1994.

[24]. Schramm, L. L. Surfactants: Fundamentals and Applications in the Petroleum Industry, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK, 2000.
doi:10.1017/CBO9780511524844

[25]. Holmberg, K. Novel Surfactants: Preparation, Applications, and Biodegradability, CRC, Boca Raton, FL, 2003.
doi:10.1201/9780203911730

[26]. Lomax, E. G. Amphoteric Surfactants, CRC, Boca Raton, FL, 1996.

[27]. Rieger, M. Surfactants in Cosmetics, CRC, Boca Raton, FL, 1997.

[28]. Schick. M. J. Nonionic Surfactants, CRC, Boca Raton, FL, 1987.

[29]. Van Os, N. M. Nonionic Surfactants, CRC, Boca Raton, FL, 1997.

[30]. Patist, A.; Kanicky, J. R.; Shukla, P.; Shah, D. O. J. Colloid Interface Sci. 2002, 245, 1-15.
doi:10.1006/jcis.2001.7955
PMid:16290329

[31]. Hiemenz, P. C.; Rajagopalan, R. Principles of Colloid and Surface Chemistry, Dekker, New York, 1997.

[32]. Hunter, R, J. Foundations of Colloid Science, Oxford Univ. Press, New York, 1987.

[33]. Tanford, C. The Hydrophobic Effect. The Formation of Micelles and Biological Membranes, Wiley, New York, 1980.

[34]. McBain, J. W. Trans. Faraday Soc. 1913, 9, 99-101.

[35]. McBain, J. W.; Salmon, C. S. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1920, 42, 426-436.
doi:10.1021/ja01448a010

[36]. Hartley, G. S. Aqueous Solutions of Paraffin-Chain Salts, Hermann, Paris, 1936.

[37]. Hartley, G. S.; Collie, B.; Samis, C. S. Trans. Faraday Soc. 1936, 32, 795-815.
doi:10.1039/tf9363200795

[38]. McBain, J. W.; Martin, H. E. J. Chem. Soc. 1914, 105, 957-977.

[39]. Debye, P.; Anacker, E. W. J. Phys. Colloid. Chem. 1951, 55, 644-655.

[40]. Menger, F. M. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl. 1991, 30, 1086-1099.
doi:10.1002/anie.199110861

[41]. Terabe, S. Anal. Chem. 2004, 76, 240A-246A.
doi:10.1021/ac0415859

[42]. Sandra, P.; Vindevogel, J. Introduction to Micellar Electrokinetic Chromatography, Huthig Pub Ltd, Verlag, Heidelberg, 1992, pp 43-67.

[43]. Khaledi, M. G. (Ed.), High-Performance Capillary Electrophoresis: Theory, Techniques, and Applications, Wiley-Interscience, New York, 1998, pp 77-131.

[44]. Lander, J. P. (Ed.), Handbook of Capillary Electrophoresis, Second Edition, CRC-Press, Florida, 1996, pp 49-74.

[45]. Piirma, I. Polymeric Surfactants, Marcel Dekker, Inc, New York, 1992.

[46]. Gambogi, R. J.; Blum, F. D. J. Colloid Interface Sci. 1990, 140, 525-534.
doi:10.1016/0021-9797(90)90372-U

[47]. Palmer, C. P.; Terabe, S. Anal. Chem. 1997, 69, 1852-1860.
doi:10.1021/ac960801d

[48]. Palmer, C. P. J. Chromatogr. A. 1997, 780, 75-92.
doi:10.1016/S0021-9673(97)00367-1

[49]. Shamsi, S. A.; Warner, I. M. Electrophoresis 1997, 18, 853-872.
doi:10.1002/elps.1150180604
PMid:9221871

[50]. Ward, T. J.; Hamburg, D. M. Anal. Chem. 2004, 76, 4635-4644.
doi:10.1021/ac040093t
PMid:15307771

[51]. Palmer, C. P.; McCarney, J. P. Electrophoresis 2004, 25, 4086-4094.
doi:10.1002/elps.200406110
PMid:15597413

[52]. Palmer, C. P.; McCarney, J. P. J. Chromatogr. A 2004, 1044, 159-176.
doi:10.1016/j.chroma.2004.04.068
PMid:15354436

[53]. Rundlett, K. L.; Armstrong, D. W. Anal. Chem. 1996, 68, 3493-3497.
doi:10.1021/ac960472p
PMid:21619282

[54]. Liu, H.; Farrell, S.; Uhrich, U. J. Control. Release. 2000, 68, 167-174.
doi:10.1016/S0168-3659(00)00247-9

[55]. Camilleri, P. Capillary Electrophoresis: THEORY and PRACTICE, CRC Press, Florida, USA, 1998, pp 217-218.

[56]. Chankvetadze, B. Capillary Electrophoresis In Chiral Analysis, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, West Sussex, England, 1997.

Supporting Agencies

Most read articles by the same author(s)

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Metrics

Metrics Loading ...

License Terms

License Terms

by-nc

Copyright © 2024 by Authors. This work is published and licensed by Atlanta Publishing House LLC, Atlanta, GA, USA. The full terms of this license are available at https://www.eurjchem.com/index.php/eurjchem/terms and incorporate the Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial (CC BY NC) (International, v4.0) License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0). By accessing the work, you hereby accept the Terms. This is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the CC BY NC License, which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited without any further permission from Atlanta Publishing House LLC (European Journal of Chemistry). No use, distribution, or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. Permissions for commercial use of this work beyond the scope of the License (https://www.eurjchem.com/index.php/eurjchem/terms) are administered by Atlanta Publishing House LLC (European Journal of Chemistry).

Article Sidebar

Main Article Content

Abstract

Article Details

Most read articles by the same author(s)

Downloads

Metrics