Synthesis, antimicrobial, antioxidant, and ADMET studies of quinoline derivatives

Abstract

The synthesis, antimicrobial, and antioxidant activities of new quinoline analogs were carried out with the aim to find possible hits/leads that can be taken up for future drug development. A series of 2-amino-N’-((2-chloroquinolin-3-yl)methylene)acetohydrazide derivatives (6a-h) have been synthesized by reacting 2-chloro-N’-((2-chloroquinolin-3-yl)methylene)acetohydrazide (5a) and N’-((6-bromo-2-chloroquinolin-3-yl)methylene)-2-chloroacetohydrazide (5b) with secondary amines (Morpholine, diethylamine, piperidine and 1-methylpiperazine). The characterization was achieved by FT-IR, ¹H NMR, ¹³C NMR, and mass spectral analysis. The in silico ADMET studies of the synthesized molecules were analyzed for their drug likeliness and toxic properties. The ADMET study indicates that the synthesized compounds were found to be possessing reliable ADME properties and are nontoxic. The antimicrobial properties were tested against bacterial and fungal species with amoxicillin and fluconazole as standard drugs. The compounds 6a, 6c, 6e, and 6g exhibited good antibacterial potency against P. aeruginosa, and the compounds 6a, 6f, and 6h have shown good activity against E. coli with 1000 µg/mL. The compounds 6b, 6c, and 6e have moderate activity against fungal species C. oxysporum and the compounds 6c, 6e, 6f, 6g, and 6h have good activity against P. chrysogenum. Synthesized compounds were also tested for the DPPH· free radical scavenging activity to check the antioxidant potential, and the results revealed that the compounds 6a, 6b, 6c, and 6e have exhibited antioxidant potency than the remaining synthesized derivatives. The possible hits generated from biological activity could be taken for the generation of lead molecules for the drug discovery of antimicrobial and antioxidant entities from quinoline.